Speaking of architecture is not limited to buildings, homes or buildings. Well, for this category, Mahakam Bridge 2, also known as Bridge Tenggarong in East Kalimantan, became one of the options.
Across the top edge of the Mahakam River in Tenggarong, this bridge is the second after the Mahakam Bridge I, which is in the middle of the city of Samarinda. However, Mahakam Bridge 2 has an attractive design than the "elder brother" or other bridge in the archipelago. This bridge is classified as suspension cable bridge and design almost identical to the Golden Gate in San Francisco, United States.
Naturally, the bridge that spans about 710 meters as far as not only serves as a means of transportation, but also be an attraction for tourists visiting Tenggarong. Towards dusk, the lights are mounted on a pole and kebel-cord will turn on and presents a beautiful panorama.
As the nation's longest "occupy" the country, the Netherlands also left his mark on the city of Semarang. Just look at the old city area in Central Java province's capital city. You will find a lot of old buildings colonial style. Of the buildings that lined the street, Blendug Church is one of the attractive old building.
Built around 1753 by the Dutch community that once inhabited this region, Blendug Church is the oldest church in Central Java which is still maintained until now. Blendug itself comes from the Javanese language means dome, referring to the existing roof on the church.
Shapes arched roof and red, was in contrast with the walls painted white. Four sturdy pillars and distinctive twin towers at the front of the church is also a characteristic which is now officially named this GPIB Immanuel. Blendug church has become an icon of the city of Semarang and has always been a tourist stopover location history and photography lovers.
In addition to building the colonial heritage, Indonesia also has a number of custom home with a unique shape or design. This building is not the work of a master architect of the modern era a myriad of theories. But rather the creation of a group of people who still love and respect for the traditions handed down by their ancestors. And Tongkonan, Tana Torja custom home communities in South Sulawesi, is one of them.
Tongkonan does have distinctive characteristics compared to other traditional house. The house is in the form of a wooden house on stilts. The roof is made of bamboo arrangement of fibers coated black and curved shape like a boat on my stomach, making this house is similar to the Tower House, home or Batak traditional Minang community. The wall is made of wood, also carved with various carving Toraja.
Another feature that is most prominent in Tongkonan is the head of buffalo along the beautiful curved horns that are arranged on a main bang in front of each house. The number of buffalo head that there can be different in each house. The more "ornament" is in there, the higher the degree of the family who lived in it. Therefore. Tongkonan also one tourist attraction Tator and attracted many photo enthusiasts.
This building was designed by architect Ir J. Berger of Landsgeboundienst, development agencies of government buildings Netherlands. It takes power to 2,000 workers. Among the thousands of workers, there are approximately 150 Chinese Cantonese or Cantonese, carpenters and stone carvers are highly skilled in the country.
Dutch architect, Dr. Hendrik Petrus Berlage, mentions that Gedung Sate with complex design Office Center the Netherlands Indies Civil Administration Agency in London is a great masterpiece. Meanwhile Coor Passchier and Jan Wittenberg, two Dutch architects inventory colonial buildings in London, said that Gedung Sate is a monumental building that is graceful and enchanting, and has a unique architectural style, and gigantic.
Gedung Sate is actually just a small part of the "Complex Insatansi Central Office of Civil Government" which is only about 5% of its course. Dutch East Indies which occupies a land area of North Bandung area of 27,000 square meters. By the inhabitants of the past "gedong Sate" called "gedong Bebe" which later became more popular with the name "Gedung Sate" because on top of the tower of the building there is a "skewer" with 6 guava fruit-shaped ornaments.
Sate Building located on Jl Diponegoro Bandung has been standing since July 27, 1920. Previously, at the beginning of the construction of this building desebut satay with the name "Gouvernements Bedrijven" which was established as one of the central government of the Netherlands, because the Dutch government that sets the city of Bandung as a Mother city of Colonial Dutch State. Selection of Bandung as a Capital because the climate is cool and very suitable to serve as the capital, and when the climate in the city like the south of France as comfortable in the summer.
Museum of Asian-African Conference
1. Background of the Asian-African Conference (KAA)
The conference begins with KAA Colombo in Sri Lanka, initiated by Sir John Kotelawala. Here is some basic background and implementation considerations KAA:
1. The political changes in the 1950s that is the end of the Korean War (1953). As a result of the Korean War, the peninsula was divided into two countries, North Korea and South Korea. These events increased the tension world.
2. The existing UN forum for consultation and dialogue between countries newly independent, but outside the United Nations no forum that bridges the interstate dialogue.
3. Equation fate of nations in Asia and Africa, in particular have experienced colonization.
4. Equation problem as a country is still underdeveloped and developing.
5. Want to join forces Asian and African countries to support the struggle for West Irian.
6. Have a strong closeness as linked by heredity, religion, and historical background.
7. Based on the geographical location, the location of the countries of Asia and Africa closer together.
2. Implementation of the KAA
Before implementation KAA in Bandung in 1955, first implemented Colombo Conference followed by the Bogor Conference.
Asian-African Conference held in Bandung on April 18 to 24, 1955. The implementation of the KAA was opened by President Sukarno. Implementation of KAA has the following objectives:
1. Develop mutual understanding and cooperation among nations of Asia Africa increase friendship.
2. Discuss and resolve social problems, economic, and cultural.
3. Paying attention to the special problems associated with sovereignty, colonialism, and imperialism.
4. Noting the position and participation of African and Asian nations in the world.
Pioneers Summit Asia-Africa
1. Ali Sastroamidjoyo-Indonesia
2. Jawaharlal Nehru - India
3. John Kotelawala - Sri Lanka
4. Muhammad Ali Bogra - Pakistan
5. U nu- Myanmar
Asian-African Conference was attended by 29 countries, namely:
1. Indonesia
2. Afghanistan
3. Cambodia
4. PRC / China
5. Egypt
6. Ethiopia
7. India
8. Philippines
9. Burma
10. Pakistan
11. Sri Lanka
12. North Vietnamese
13. South Vietnam
14. Saudi Arabia
15. Yemen
16. Syria
17. Thailand
18. Turkey
19. Iran
20. Iraq
21. Sudan
22. Laos
23. Lebanon
24. Liberia
25. Thailand
26. Ghana
27. Nepal
28. Jordan
29. Japan
Of the countries that were invited to appear the following three groups.
a. Prokomunis classes, namely China and North Vietnam.
b. Pro-Western factions, namely the Philippines, Thailand, Pakistan, Iraq, and Turkey.
c. Neutral faction, namely India, Burma, Sri Lanka, and Indonesia.
The results and the conclusions reached in the KAA, including cooperation in economy, culture, human rights and self-determination, and to promote world peace. The result is the most basic KAA Ten Principles of Bandung
1. Respect for basic human rights and the purposes and principles contained in the Charter of the United Nations (UN).
2. Respect for the sovereignty and territorial integrity of all nations.
3. Acknowledging the equality of all races and equality of all nations, large and small.
4. No interference or intervention in domestic anxious other countries.
5. Respect for the right of each nation to defend itself alone mahupun collectively, in accordance with the UN Charter.
6. (a) Not use regulations and collective defense to serve the particular interests of one of the major countries, (b) not interfere with the other countries.
7. Refrain from any acts or threats of aggression mahupun use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence of a country.
8. Completing all international disputes by peaceful means, such as negotiation, agreement, arbitration, or settlement of legal issues, or other peaceful means chosen by the parties concerned, in accordance with the UN Charter.
9. Promotion of mutual interests and cooperation.
10. Respect for justice and international obligations
Through the Ten Principles of Bandung also fought for world peace to defuse international tensions of the Cold War. The results of this KAA will also inspired the Non-Aligned Movement, Indonesia is one of the pioneers.
3. The role of Indonesia in the KAA
KAA implementation can not be separated from the role of Indonesia. In addition, as one of the pioneers and initiators KAA, Indonesia provides itself as a venue for KAA. This achievement proves that Ali cabinet Sastroamijoyo successfully organized an activity that is international.
4. The Importance of KAA
KAA very big influence in an effort to create world peace and end the occupation peacefully across the world, especially in Asia and Africa. KAA spirit of impartiality on the West Block and East Block has spawned the Non-Aligned Movement. Thus the tension of the world can be muted. For Indonesia, KAA gives two advantages. First Indonesian government reached an agreement on the issue of the PRC dwikewarganegaraan. After the conference, those who have the required dwikewarganegaraan chose to be Indonesian citizens or citizens of the PRC. Secondly, RI received support in the struggle for West Irian. Here is the meaning and significance of the implementation of KAA.
1. It is a driver of the independence of the nations of Asia - Africa to escape the clutches of Western imperialism and colonialism.
2. The driver of the birth of the Non-Aligned Movement Being.
3. It is the originator of the spirit of solidarity and the rise of Asian and African countries in unity.
4. Giving a new hope to the nations that have or have not been independent.
5. Start the foreign policy followed freely and actively run by Indonesia, India, Myanmar, and Sri Lanka.
6. Return to rise and conscious nations of Asia and Africa would potentials.
7. Admittedly Ten Principles of Bandung values by the developed countries because it proved to have the ability to ease tension in the world.
8. Start the abolition of political practices of racial discrimination by the developed countries.
